Abstract Paper aims This study evaluates agricultural and forest residues in Portugal to select the best candidates to use in second generation bioethanol (2G bioethanol) production. Originality The growth in the significance and level of decisions in biomass resources to 2G bioethanol and the involved complexity clearly encourage a research strategy to identify and select the wastes according to a multiplicity of criteria. Research method To address the key research objective this research used a multicriteria decision analysis method, MACBETH, to structuring the values of concern and identifying the key criteria, to evaluating the main agricultural and forest waste with respect to each criterion, to weighting the criteria and analyzing the biomass residues overall attractiveness and exploring the model´s results. Main findings As main findings of the study we found that Eucalyptus waste is the most promising forest residue to produce lignocellulosic bioethanol followed by Paulownia Tomentosa waste. The utilization of forest residues to the production of bioethanol in Portugal may represent in the future an important economic activity with huge environmental benefits. Implications for theory and practice The multicriteria approach addressed the research objectives and is simple to use with great potential for circular economy strategy issues. The step-by-step explanation of the model building makes the approach highly acceptable to other practitioners.

Endophytic microorganisms have been shown to be an important source of bioactive compounds, and much has been studied about their metabolites. For example, compounds with different biological activities have been isolated from Phomopsis sp. The metabolic study of this genus may lead to a better understanding of the routes of production of metabolites of interest. The aim of this study was to map the metabolic profile of Phomopsis sp., isolated as an endophyte of Syzygium jambolanum DC, using culture filtrate. The fungus was cultivated for six weeks in potato dextrose medium under hypoxia and at room temperature. The filtrate was collected weekly, and the analyses were performed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy by applying NOESY1D with suppression of the water signal. The occurrence of reductive routes was verified: alcoholic fermentation throughout cultivation and reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle in the cytosol until the third week of cultivation were observed.

Nos recifes brasileiros os zoantídeos, especialmente Palythoa caribaeorum, são fundamentais na estruturação da comunidade bentônica local. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a taxa de crescimento de P. caribaeorum e avaliar a influência do local (praias diferentes), do período do ano (seco ou chuvoso), posição (médio ou infralitoral) e pressão antrópica associada ao turismo. Durante um ano acompanhamos a cobertura de P. caribaeorum com uso de transectos e focamos em 20 colônias. Nós retiramos um quadrado (100 cm2) da porção central da colônia e monitoramos a área desnuda por quatro meses em cada estação. As taxas médias de crescimento variaram entre 0,015 e 0,021 cm.dia-1. A taxa foi homogênea em todas as localidades, e não houve influência do local, posição e nem da visitação turística, mostrando que a velocidade de crescimento pode ser uma característica intrínseca da espécie, com forte componente genético. A taxa de crescimento de P. caribaeorum diferiu entre os meses, com pico no primeiro mês após a injúria. A cobertura média variou de 6,2 a 22,9% e foi menor no recife visitado por turistas. O presente estudo corrobora a hipótese que P. caribaeorum é importante na dinâmica de recifes costeiros devido a seu rápido e contínuo crescimento.

In Brazilian reefs, zoanthids, especially Palythoa caribaeorum are fundamental for structuring the local benthic community. The objective of this study was to determine the growth rate of P. caribaeorum, and to assess the influence of the site (different beaches), season (dry and wet), location (intertidal or infralittoral zones), and human pressure associated with tourism. For one year we monitored the cover of P. caribaeorum in transects and focused on 20 colonies. We cut off a square (100 cm2) from the central part of the colony and monitored the bare area for four months in each season. The average growth rates varied from 0.015 and 0.021 cm.day-1. The rate was homogeneous in all localities, and there was no influence from colony site, location, or touristic visitation, showing that the growth velocity may be an intrinsic characteristic of the species, with a strong genetic component. The growth rate of P. caribaeorum differed among months, and peaked in the first month after injury. The average cover varied from 6.2 to 22.9% and was lower on the reef visited by tourists. The present study corroborates the hypothesis that P. caribaeorum is important for coastal reef dynamics due to its fast and continuous growth.

É conhecido o fato de que a dissecção aórtica pode envolver as artérias coronárias, Entretanto, somente alguns artigos fazem referência ao tratamento cirúrgico dessa afecção. Apresentamos o seguimento de 11 pacientes acometidos por dissecção da aorta ascendente envolvendo a artéria coronária direita e que se submeteram à operação em nossa Instituição - Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Em 2 pacientes o óstio coronariano esquerdo também foi afetado. Em 7 pacientes a dissecção foi aguda e, em 4, crônica. A aorta ascendente foi substituída por enxerto tubular de Dacron em todos os pacientes; ponte de veia safena para a coronária direita ou enxerto de gore-tex para o óstio coronariano ou artéria coronária direita foi realizado em 9 pacientes e reimplante de ambas as coronárias dissecadas em 2. Houve 3 (27,3%) mortes no pós-operatório recente, devido a síndrome de baixo débito e infarto do miocárdio. Dois pacientes acometidos por síndrome de Marfan faleceram no 14º mês de pós-operatório por doença hepática, e outro devido a rotura da aorta descendente no 39º mês. Os 6 pacientes restantes foram acompanhados por um período que variou de 78 a 96 meses (média de 83 meses). Tal experiência sugere que, apesar de significar alto risco, o envolvimento do óstio coronariano direito na dissecção de aorta é um acontecimento que pode ser manejado com sucesso através de alguns procedimentos cirúrgicos, quando realizados antes do surgimento de complicações irreversíveis.

It is well known that aortic dissection may involve coronary arteries. However, only a few reports deal with surgical management of this problem. We present the report of the follow-up of 11 patients who suffered from ascending aortic dissection involving the right coronary artery and underwent surgical treatment at our Institution - InCor, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo Medical Center. The left coronary ostia was also affected in two patients. In seven patients the dissection was acute and at four, chronic. The ascending aorta was substituted by a Dacron tubular graft in all patients. Right coronary artery saphenous vein bypass or gore-tex graft to the coronary ostia or right coronary artery was performed in nine patients and reimplantation of both dissected coronaries in two. There were three early postoperative deaths (27.3%) due to low-output syndrome and myocardial infarction. One patient suffering from Marfan's Syndrome died during the fourteenth postoperative month due to hepathyc disease. Another Marfan's patient died from descending aorta rupture during the thirty-nineth month. The six surviving patients were followed from 78 to 96 months (mean 83 months). This experience suggests that although carrying high risk, involvement of the right coronary ostia in aortic dissection is an onset that can be successfully managed by some surgical procedures if done before irreversible complications arise.